How to Install Git in Various Operating System
By SANDEEP KUMAR PATEL
What is Git?
In general terms GIT is a open source tool ,version control system which is basically used to manage all the virgin it means all history maintain by this tool this tool is take care very smooth way that’s why in market this tool is so much popular and widely used
So, what is Git in a nutshell? This is an important section to absorb, because if you understand what Git is and the fundamentals of how it works, then using Git effectively will probably be much easier for you. As you learn Git, try to clear your mind of the things you may know about other VCSs, such as CVS, Subversion or Perforce — doing so will help you avoid subtle confusion when using the tool. Even though Git’s user interface is fairly similar to these other VCSs, Git stores and thinks about information in a very different way, and understanding these differences will help you avoid becoming confused while using it
The Three States
Pay attention now — here is the main thing to remember about Git if you want the rest of your learning process to go smoothly. Git has three main states that your files can reside in: modified, staged, and committed:
- Modified means that you have changed the file but have not committed it to your database yet.
- Staged means that you have marked a modified file in its current version to go into your next commit snapshot.
- Committed means that the data is safely stored in your local database.
This leads us to the three main sections of a Git project: the working tree, the staging area, and the Git directory.
Performance
The raw performance characteristics of Git are very strong when compared to many alternatives. Committing new changes, branching, merging and comparing past versions are all optimized for performance. The algorithms implemented inside Git take advantage of deep knowledge about common attributes of real source code file trees, how they are usually modified over time and what the access patterns are.
Security
Git has been designed with the integrity of managed source code as a top priority. The content of the files as well as the true relationships between files and directories, versions, tags and commits, all of these objects in the Git repository are secured with a cryptographically secure hashing algorithm called SHA1. This protects the code and the change history against both accidental and malicious change and ensures that the history is fully traceable. With Git, you can be sure you have an authentic content history of your source code.
Flexibility
One of Git’s key design objectives is flexibility. Git is flexible in several respects: in support for various kinds of nonlinear development workflows, in its efficiency in both small and large projects and in its compatibility with many existing systems and protocols.
Version control with Git
Git is the best choice for most software teams today. While every team is different and should do their own analysis, here are the main reasons why version control with Git is preferred over alternatives:
Git is a quality open source project
Git is a very well supported open source project with over a decade of solid stewardship. The project maintainers have shown balanced judgment and a mature approach to meeting the long term needs of its users with regular releases that improve usability and functionality. The quality of the open source software is easily scrutinized and countless businesses rely heavily on that quality.
Criticism of Git
One common criticism of Git is that it can be difficult to learn. Some of the terminology in Git will be novel to newcomers and for users of other systems, the Git terminology may be different, for example, revert in Git has a different meaning than in SVN or CVS. Nevertheless, Git is very capable and provides a lot of power to its users. Learning to use that power can take some time, however once it has been learned, that power can be used by the team to increase their development speed.
Install Git in Various Operating System
1.Installing on Windows
2. Install Git on Mac OS
3.Install Git on Linux
1.Installing on Windows -
There are also a few ways to install Git on Windows. The most official build is available for download on the Git website. Just go to https://git-scm.com/download/win and the download will start automatically. Note that this is a project called Git for Windows, which is separate from Git itself; for more information on it, go to https://gitforwindows.org.
To get an automated installation you can use the Git Chocolatey package. Note that the Chocolatey package is community maintained. Because this is by default package in Windows
2.Install Git on Linux
If you want to install the basic Git tools on Linux via a binary installer, you can generally do so through the package management tool that comes with your distribution. If you’re on Fedora (or any closely-related RPM-based distribution, such as RHEL or CentOS), you can use dnf:
In general market most of the the two type of operating system is there
-Debian / Ubuntu (apt-get) ,Debian family
-Fedora (dnf/yum) ,Red hat Fedora family
Debian / Ubuntu (apt-get)
Git packages are available via apt:
- From your shell, install Git using apt-get:
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install git2. Verify the installation was successful by typing
$ git --versiongit version 2.9.2
3. Configure your Git username and email using the following commands, replacing Emma’s name with your own. These details will be associated with any commits that you create:
$ git config --global user.name "Sandeep"
$ git config --global user.email "sandeep@gmail.com"
Fedora (dnf/yum)
Git packages are available via both yum and dnf:
- From your shell, install Git using dnf (or yum, on older versions of Fedora):
$ sudo dnf install git$ sudo yum install git
2. Verify the installation was successful by typing -
$ git --versiongit version 2.9.2
3.Configure your Git username and email using the following commands, replacing Emma’s name with your own. These details will be associated with any commits that you create
$ git config --global user.name "Sandeep"$ git config --global user.email "sandeep@gmail.com"
3.Install Git on Mac OS
There are several ways to install Git on a Mac. The easiest is probably to install the Xcode Command Line Tools. On Mavericks (10.9) or above you can do this simply by trying to run git from the Terminal the very first time.
If you want a more up to date version, you can also install it via a binary installer. A macOS Git installer is maintained and available for download at the Git website, at https://git-scm.com/download/mac.
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